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A |           　　山东省住房和城乡建设厅等12部门近日联合印发《关于深化小城镇创新提升行动的意见》。

B |     "Given that energy is the lifeline of modern economies, modern economic growth patterns, there are not that many alternatives available and there are only a few countries that are players in the global energy market. Russia certainly cannot be counted out and Russia cannot be marginalized in the global energy landscape," says Harsh V. Pant, professor of international relations at the King's College London India Institute and director of the strategic studies program at the Observer Research Foundation.,International Energy Agency (IEA) Executive Director Fatih Birol and US Energy Secretary Jennifer Granholm on 12 July urged Indo-Pacific countries at the Sydney Energy Forum to diversify their supply chains for energy and critical minerals to reduce "dependency" on Russia over its special operation in Ukraine, as well as on China.,"At a time when the energy prices are going up and affecting some of the poorest and most vulnerable countries around the world very significantly, I think Asian countries will continue to cooperate with Russia in order to support their economies and their domestic requirements," says Pant.,He explains that dealing with Russia has become an economic imperative at a time of energy crunch given that Moscow is offering discounted oil to a number of countries. Furthermore, maintaining economic relations with Russia is a question of survival and the people's well-being for some Asian nations and countries of the Global South, according to the professor. Under these circumstances it's highly unlikely that they will succumb to the pressure from Washington and sever ties with Russia, he says.,"For political leaders across the world, at a time when economies are just beginning to grow after the long COVID pandemic, they can [not] afford a lack of energy and higher energy prices," Pant stresses.,Russia, Venezuela to Expand Oil Sector Cooperation, Working on Pact to Circumvent Western Sanctions4 July, 11:15 GMT,Anti-Russia Sanctions: India and EU Approaches,To illustrate his point, the professor cites India's approach to Russia's affairs and the Ukraine crisis. New Delhi continues to import energy from Russia despite the US and Europe urging India to join sweeping anti-Russia sanctions.,"What we have seen in the last two months is a gradual, significant increase in what India is buying from Russia when it comes to oil," the professor says. "This is particularly relevant again because Russia has offered India discounted oil and India's economic requirements demand that India continues buying this oil. The challenges facing India's population mean that the Indian leadership has an incentive in continuing to engage with Russia on this question.",At the same time, the European Union's decision to slap sanctions on Russia and slash energy supplies from the country have backfired on Europe's economy, sending fuel prices up and accelerating inflation.,"We have seen how Europe is struggling to reduce its dependence and the kind of costs that it is imposing on Europeans," says Pant. "Most Asian countries would be reluctant to go down that route.",Brussels: Anti-Russia Sanctions Raise Questions About Sustainability of EU's Financial Model 10 June, 08:44 GMT,The disruptions in the supply of crude after the imposition of ban on imports from Russia have given a dramatic boost to energy prices and inflation, echoes Suranjali Tandon, assistant professor at the Delhi-based National Institute of Public Finance and Policy.,"The current inflationary trends are the most serious challenge for policy makers," she says. "Central banks around the world have begun the process of unwinding loose monetary policy… The current inflation rates have led to internal economic strains and as seen in Sri Lanka, a political upheaval. The cooperation between Russia and Asian countries may be economically prudent.",Moreover, major Asian economies – India and China – are ready to absorb crude supplies from Russia rejected by the West, according to her.,At the same time, Washington's plan to force Asian states to join anti-Russia sanctions is fraught with severe risks for the global economy, Tandon warns.,"The ban, if carried out by other Asian economies, will further cut off supplies of refined petroleum and related products," she says. "This could lead to an unmanageable inflationary spiral while depressing global growth.",Lithium, Gold & Rare Earths: How China May Open the Door to New Business Opportunities for Afghans19 August 2021, 08:38 GMT,Are There Alternatives to Russia & China?,According to Tandon, India sets an important precedent for other Asian states by withstanding the US pressure when it comes to energy sanctions against Russia. By doing this, India is defending its internal interests in the first place, the professor underscores.,She hails the idea that single technology or fuel dependence should be avoided. This principle could be applied to Russia, China, or Western countries in a similar way. However, when the West is calling upon Asian nations to shift to wind, solar, and even nuclear power and abandon fossil fuels, it's clear that this shift cannot be done immediately, the professor emphasizes.,Even after the "green" transition, Asian states and the Global South are likely to maintain ties with Russia and China, who have been developing cutting-edge nuclear technologies and mining rare earths needed for producing electric batteries and electronic components.,"Russia's energy supplies will remain globally important," Tandon forecasts. "More importantly, even when this transition does take place the natural resources including minerals used as inputs in renewables will be concentrated in countries like China. China produces 63% of the world’s rare earth elements, including 45% of molybdenum as per IEA, so it's unclear what countries must do to expand alternatives while being under pressure to transition quickly."。作为“十五五”开局之年小城镇建设的纲领性文件，该意见在总结“十四五”100个试点镇创新提升经验的基础上，对深化行动作出系统部署。　　新一轮遴选启动　　“十四五”试点镇不再重复申报      　　“十四五”期间，山东省人民政府选取100个镇开展创新提升，取得了明显成效。

C | 为进一步深化小城镇创新提升行动，全面提升小城镇综合承载功能和辐射带动能力，《意见》提出，各设区市从辖区内建制镇中，通过自愿报名，按照不超过总数10%的比例，选择基础条件好、积极性高的镇开展创新提升。“十四五”期间已开展创新提升的镇，不再重复申报。　　四大提升方向锚定2030年目标      　　根据《意见》，到2030年，全省小城镇经济实力持续增强，人居环境明显改善，绿色发展成效显现，安全韧性水平提升，数字化治理效能实现突破，成为推动乡村全面振兴、深化城乡融合发展、推进以人为本的新型城镇化的重要载体。围绕这一目标，部署了四大方面的重点任务：　　培育提升产业发展动能      　　山东坚持把发展产业作为小城镇创新提升的核心引擎。《意见》明确，卫星镇要深度融入中心城市产业链布局，积极承接先进制造、现代物流、研发中试等产业;县域次中心镇要着力集聚强化主导产业，推动产业链向高附加值环节延伸;特色专业镇要立足资源禀赋和传统优势，集中培育文旅康养、现代农业、农产品加工、手工文创等特色产业，打造“一镇一品”产业标识，形成差异化发展格局。     　　同时，实施“强链、延链、补链”专项行动，建设一批小微企业园、科创产业园和“共富工坊”等，增强创新创业、就业吸纳和增收致富的承载能力，形成以产兴镇、以镇促产、镇村联动的发展格局。

D | 鼓励地理位置相邻、产业类型相近的小城镇推进产业片区化发展，探索建立跨镇利益协调与成本共担、产业项目协同流转、收益共享等机制。统筹产业布局与服务功能配套，打造产业邻里中心、创新服务综合体等载体，推行“园区事、园区办”，持续优化营商环境。　　聚力提升镇区空间品质      　　围绕提升镇区空间品质，《意见》鼓励结合自然生态特色、地域人文特点等，建设符合小城镇居住需求的安全、舒适、绿色、智慧“好房子”，有条件的镇推进社区嵌入式服务设施建设，打造“一刻钟”便民生活圈。     　　在综合环境治理方面，加强市政道路建设和维护修缮，整治违规占道经营、乱设摊点、车辆乱放等问题，推进空中线缆序化整治，完善镇区无障碍设施建设，提升居民出行便捷度与安全性。加强街头绿景、公园绿地等公共活动空间建设，打造“百姓园林”，构建镇园相融、干净整洁、生态宜居的镇区环境。     　　在特色风貌塑造上，重点推进镇区出入口、主要街道、重要节点等的特色风貌建设，加强建筑形态引导，统筹建筑高度、体量、色彩、材质等要素，营造协调有序、独具特色的建筑界面。加强历史文化保护与传承，延续老镇区、老街巷的空间肌理，推动传统风貌与现代功能有机融合。鼓励有条件的镇实施镇区数字化建设，在供水、燃气、安防等重点领域探索物联网技术应用，增强设施运行监测与风险预警能力，提升镇区治理与服务智慧化水平。

E | 　　完善提升设施服务功能水平      　　在基础设施方面，有序实施供水、供电、供气、通信等老旧管网、线缆更新改造，提升运行安全水平。加强镇村路网、公共交通等互联互通，提升镇区生活污水设施建设运营、生活垃圾收运处置水平，推动管道燃气向镇村覆盖，积极推进新能源充电桩、换电站等设施建设。     　　在公共服务方面，深化紧密型县域医共体内涵建设，巩固完善管理体制和运行机制，持续推进人员、服务、技术、管理下沉，提升基层医疗服务能力。

F | 打造城乡教育共同体，通过集团化办学推动镇区优质教育资源向乡村延伸。推进乡镇区域性养老服务中心提档升级，完善日间照料中心、幸福院等设施。推进便民服务中心标准化、智能化升级，推行“就近办、上门办、帮代办”服务模式，提升群众办事便利度。支持产业大镇、强镇建设青年人才发展“微生态”。

G |      　　在综合防灾减灾方面，优化镇区防灾空间布局，科学划定生态防护屏障、应急疏散通道和防灾留白空间。建设布局均衡的应急避难场所和消防配套设施，提升安全韧性和应急处置能力。　　创新提升要素配置保障能力      　　《意见》明确，指导开展创新提升行动的镇结合自身实际，制定小城镇创新提升实施方案。建立创新提升重点项目库，统筹存量与增量建设用地，保障项目用地需求。对符合条件的项目，在地方政府专项债券、超长期特别国债等资金申报时积极给予支持。开展镇银企对接活动，鼓励和引导金融机构创新金融产品和服务方式，加大信贷支持力度。建立小城镇创新提升专家团队，开展相关研究，提供智力支持。适时调整扩大经济规模大、人口增长快的特大镇经济社会管理权限。

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